Wonderful Life

The goal of teaching speaking skills is communicative efficiency. Learners should be able to make themselves understood, using their current proficiency to the fullest. They should try to avoid confusion in the message due to faulty pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary, and to observe the social and cultural rules that apply in each communication situation.


-> the goal of teaching speaking is making students communicative.
By teaching speaking teacher can correct students' mistakes and errors in pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. And also can teach culture context of the second language .

How can teacher achieve the goal of teacin speaking?
-To combine language input, structured output, and communicative output.
Content-oriented input focuses on information ex) movie,
Form-oriented input focuses on ways of using the language ex)Dr.Sooth? Sounds from the on-line dictionary, chant and songs

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content-oriented vs. form-oriented input


communicative vs. structure input(output)
-Structured output focuses on correct form. In structured output, students may have options for responses, but all of the options require them to use the specific form or structure that the teacher has just introduced. ex)fixed dialouge:just repetition
-In communicative output, the learners' main purpose is to complete a task, such as obtaining information, developing a travel plan, or creating a video.

information gap
: Students don't have the whole information.
So by working and interaction each other, students can solve the problems together.
Students have different information.
ex)직쏘 method
cf) role play is diffrent from it because role play is fixed form.
information gap is more interactive and active.


picture narrating vs. picture describing

Picture NarratingThis activity is based on several sequential pictures. Students are asked to tell the story taking place in the sequential pictures by paying attention to the criteria provided by the teacher as a rubric. Rubrics can include the vocabulary or structures they need to use while narrating.
Picture DescribingAnother way to make use of pictures in a speaking activity is to give students just one picture and having them describe what it is in the picture. For this activity students can form groups and each group is given a different picture. Students discuss the picture with their groups, then a spokesperson for each group describes the picture to the whole class. This activity fosters the creativity and imagination of the learners as well as their public speaking skills.


role play vs. simulation
simulation is bigger.
simulation is more like a drama.